Radio Propagation Modeling for KPI-Based Coverage Planning of 4G LTE Networks at 1800 MHz
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Abstract
This study examines the analysis and planning process for 4G LTE network coverage at 1800 MHz in Cilacap City, with a focus on ensuring that network performance meets the operator's Key Performance Indicators (KPI). The planning stages were carried out through propagation modeling using planning software, link budget calculations, determination of the maximum allowed path loss, and performance simulations involving RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, RSSI, and throughput. The study area, spanning 42,998 km², features diverse geographical conditions, making it suitable for evaluating coverage quality in varied environments. Modeling results indicate that signal strength is optimal near the antenna location but decreases significantly toward the area’s boundaries due to
propagation attenuation and increasing interference levels. The average RSRP value falls into the low category, while RSRQ indicates channel quality affected by inter-cell interference. The RSSI and throughput parameters also show a decline as the distance from the signal source increases. This analysis highlights the need for optimization measures, such as adjusting cell configurations, reconfiguring radio parameters, or increasing network density, to improve coverage uniformity and service quality. The results of this planning provide a technical foundation for developing LTE networks in urban areas with complex environmental characteristics.
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